Geography is the study of spatial patterns and processes on the surface of the earth, mainly in the context of human activities. Geography explores where people and activities are located, why they are located where they are, what changes are occurring in these patterns, what impacts these changes are likely to have on human and physical environments, and what should be done about these impacts. Physical geography deals with spatial aspects of the atmosphere, land surface and waters while human geography is concerned with cultural, political and economic forces that lie behind the distribution of human activities. The Department of Geography at Lakehead University offers a broad undergraduate program of study covering physical, human, applied and regional geography, as well as a number of courses on the techniques in geography. Research interests and teaching specializations of the faculty reflect not only the breadth of geography, but also a variety of scales ranging from local to regional to global.

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

See Requirements for Admission to Undergraduate Degree Programs in the Admission Requirements and Registration section of this Calendar, page 27.

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

See the University Regulations section (page 39) and the Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Regulations section (page 152) of this Calendar for conditions to enter, proceed in, and graduate from these programs.

A. The three-year BA or BSc degree requires a total of fifteen courses, at least five of which must be in Geography. The four-year Honours BA or BSc degree requires a total of twenty courses, at least ten of which must be in Geography. In each program certain Geography courses and certain electives are specified as mandatory. The double major programs have their own particular requirements as listed.
B. The BA or BSc degrees, including double majors require a grade of at least 50% in all courses, and an average of at least 60% in Geography courses.
C. The Honours BA or BSc degrees require an overall average of at least 70% for all Geography courses taken, and a grade of at least 50% in all other courses.
D. Each program in Geography is designed so that one year is preparation for the next. Students are therefore advised to give careful consideration to the planning of their programs to ensure orderly progress.
E. Students who already have credit for Geography 1100 will be allowed to count this in place of Geography 1120 for all program requirements and course prerequisites except for the BA (Geography Major/Honours Bachelor of Outdoor Recreation; the HBESc and HBES (Geography Major) and Geography 2811.
F. Fourth-year Geography courses are normally open only to students in their final year of an Honours Geography program (HBA, HBSc, HBA/BEd, HBSc/BEd, HBES, HBESc). Other students will be permitted to register for fourth-year Geography courses only with the permission of the instructor, and provided they have all other prerequisites.

Note:
There is no laboratory nor field-work fee in any Geography program, but in some courses students will be expected to contribute to the cost of field travel and the use of field equipment. Students in the Honours program who choose to take Geography 4011/4013 will be expected to bear the costs of any field research required.